Έρευνα και μελέτη γαλλικού ναυαγίου του 17ου αι. «La Thérèse»
Part of : Αρχαιολογικά ανάλεκτα εξ Αθηνών ; Vol.XIX, No.1-2, 1986, pages 45-62
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45-62
Parallel Title:
Investigation of the french shipwreck «la Thérèse»
Section Title:
Αρχαιολογικά χρονικά
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The historial events Between 1646 and 1670, Venice was engaged in a long war against the Turks to defend the island of Grete. In order to preserve this fundamentalMediterranean stronghold of Christianity, armies from half of Europe were rallied, from the papal states, Naples, Malta, Tuscany and finally Spain and France, who sent sailing ships and galleons to reinforce the Venetian navy. The main event was the long siege of the fortress at Candia, today Herakleion, which lasted more than 20 years and ended with the surrender of the Venetians.France took part in the last years of the war: in 1669, the Sun King decided to send a contingent to aid the Venetians. The Duc de Navailles, was at the head of the army (6.000 men) and the Duc de Beaufort at the head of the fleet.On the 19th June, Beaufort attempted a land attack, which ended on the 25th July in a crushing defeat. Vivonne reached Candia on the 5th of July to regain control of the situation, but he was unsuccessful. Vivonne’s order for the bombardment of the Turkish camp by the ships on the 25th of July ended with explosion of one of the French naval ships, «La Thérèse» which sank. According to the French version, the explosion was an accident. The Turks, however, claim to have bounded «La Thérèse».2. The shipwreck of «La Thérèse»In 1976 Cousteau’s team located the shipwreck called «of the skulls», which was later identified as «La Thérèse». The remains lie over a mile from the coast, at a depth of 17 meters. The shipwreck is well preserved thanks to a layer of compacted sand, which has protected it for three centuries.Some objects were brought to the surface and are housed in the Museum at Herakleion.Of particular importance was the recovery of one of the Theresa’s bronzecannon, made in 1567, which appears to be the oldest surviving French naval cannon.3. Interest in the study of the shipwreck:A) Current research and B) Future projectsFrom research carried out in the French archives, it seems that the vessel — a sailing ship of the 3rd class — was built between 1662 and 1665 at Toulon in the south of France.The study is interesting from many points of view, concerning both the history of the Venetian Republic and that of the island of Crete and further more of the naval architecture of the 17th century. Also of great interest for the social history of the 17th century is the salvage of the personal objects of daily life which belonged to the crew and to the Duc de Beaufort, including precious materials.In 1967, a team under the leadership of N. Lianos (Greek Underwater Archaeological Service) obtained permission from the Ministry of Culture to begin excavating «La Thérèse».The group began working in October 1987, carrying out a series of dives to carry out a photographic survey and underwater drawing. It was able to obtain a general plan of the ship at a 1:100 scale as well as some construction details at a 1:10 scale.It is hoped that work will begin again in the summer of 1988 with the aim of continuing the survey and deepening out knowledge of the shipwreck by enlarging the excavation area.
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